Alice in Wonderland is an upcoming fantasy-adventure film directed by Tim Burton. It is an extension to the Lewis Carroll novels Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. The film will use a technique combining live action and animation. Mia Wasikowska plays the role of Alice, alongside Johnny Depp…

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Sherlock Holmes is a 2009 film adaptation of Arthur Conan Doyle’s fictional character of the same name. The film was directed by Guy Ritchie and produced by Joel Silver, Lionel Wigram, Susan Downey and Dan Lin. The screenplay by Michael Robert Johnson, Anthony Peckham and Simon Kinberg is based on…

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Crazy on the Outside is a 2010 comedy film starring and directed by Tim Allen. This is Allen’s first time directing, and is notable for reuniting Allen with co-stars from many of his previous films (Weaver from Galaxy Quest, Liotta from Wild Hogs, Grammer from Toy Story 2 and Bowen…

Alice in Wonderland Movie Poster Megan Fox in Jennifer’s Body Sherlock Holmes Nominated for Golden Globe The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus Crazy on the Outside Movie

Selasa, 08 Juni 2010

pantun

1. Pengertian
Pantun
atawa carita pantun mangrupakeun hiji seni pintonan carita pitutur/lisan sastra Sunda kuna bari ditembangkeun sarta dipirig ku kacapi. Pantun dipidangkeun ku saurang "juru pantun" nu ogé maénkeun kacapi.

2. Sejarah

Pantun mangrupakeun hiji wanda seni nu kawilang geus kolot. Catetan pangkolotna nu nyebutkeun ngeunaan paaantun aya dina naskah kuna Sanghyang Siksa Kanda ng Karesian taun1518 nu nyebutkeun ngeunaan carita pantun Langgalarang, Banyakcatra, jeung Siliwangi nu dipidangkeun ku "prépantun", juru pantun téa. Pantun anu ogé kawilang kuna nyaéta Pantun Bogor nu dicaritakeun ku Ki Buyut Rambéng.

Kamekaran seni pantun salajengna dicirikeun ku nambahanana carita-carita pantun nu ajénna dianggap luhung, kayaning carita Lutung Kasarung, Ciung Wanara, Mundinglaya Dikusumah,Déngdéng Pati Jaya Perang, Ratu Bungsu Kamajaya, Sumur Bandung, Demung Kalagan, jsb. Di Kanékés nu masarakatna hirup dina budaya kuna, seni pantun téh dalit pisan. Anu ilaharna dipidangkeun dina ritual kaagamaan/adat di antarana carita Langgasari Kolot, Langgasari Ngora, jeung Lutung Kasarung.

Kamekaran/kaluhungan seni pantun geus nyatetkeun sababaraha urang juru pantun anu kawentar dina mangsana. Di Cianjur, misalna, aya R. Aria Cikondang (abad ka-17) sarta Aong Jaya Lahiman jeung Jayawireja (abad ka-19). Awal abad ka-20, di Bandung aya Ucé, sedengkeun dina panengah abad ka-20, nu kawentar téh Pantun Beton "Wikatmana".

3. Pamirig

Alat musik nu sok mirig pintonan pantun téh kacapi. Ti mimiti kacapi kuna sakumaha nu aya di Kanékés kiwari (kacapi leutik 7 kawat), kacapi gelung (tembang, sarua jeung nu sok dipaké dina tembang Cianjuran), nepi ka kacapi siter (Jawa). Anapon laras (tangga nada) nu dipaké mirig carita pantun, nyaéta laras pélog, tapi loba ogé nu maké laras saléndro.

4. Pintonan

Seni pantun dipidangkeun dina dua bentuk: (1) pikeun hiburan jeung (20 pikeun ritual. Dina pidangan hiburan, nu sok dicaritakeun téh gumantung ka carita nu dikawasa ku juru pantun, atawa gumantung nu nanggap. Sedengkeun pikeun ritual, misalna ruwatan, caritana sarua jeung dina pintonan wayang, kayaning Batara kala, Kama Salah, atawa Murwa Kala.

Pintonan pantun biasana dipidangkeun kira jam 02.00-05.00. Rajah dina pintonan ruwatan leuwih panjang sarta katémbong sakral batan dina pintonan hiburan nu ilaharna dipintonkeun kira jam 20.00-04.00. Najan dipidangkeun pikeun tujuan hiburan, pantun teu bisa kitu baé ditanggap. Masarakat Sunda nganggap pantun téh masih mibanda watek sakral sarta sok dipatalikeun jeung upacara ngamulyakeun karuhun. Ku kituna, pintonan pantun biasana sok dibeungkeut dina struktur pintonan baku nu caritana museur ka kahirupan raja-raja Sunda atawa carita masarakat Sunda.

Sacara umum, pola pintonan pantun bisa diudar dina susunan kieu: (1) nyadiakeun sasajén, (2) ngukus menyan, (3) "rajah pamunah", (4) carita ti bubuka nepi ka panutup, sarta (5) ditutup ku "rajah pamungkas".

Salaku kasenian nu hirup ti jaman Hindu nepi ka Islam, teu matak ahéng mun ungkara jeung ajaran ti juru pantun téh mangrupa campuran éta dua jaman. Najan aya istigpar (Islam), istilah-istilah sarupaning "Déwata", "Pohaci", "para karuhun", "buyut", jsb.

Kasenian pantun nu mibanda ciri budaya Sunda, utamana dina hal kapercayaan Sunda Kuna, ngajadikeun pantun béda hambalan jeung kasenian Sunda lianna. Pikeun urang Sunda mah, pantun téh mangrupa média pikeun ngararasakeun deui (panineungan) kana mangsa nanjungna kaadaban masarakatna.

Kiwari, seni pantun geus loba nu ninggalkeun. Juru pantun nu aya kénéh téh geus kari sababaraha urang.


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